What is the common shrinkage rate of fabrics?
Release Time:
2010-07-20 17:08
Source:
China Laundry Network
Fabric shrinkage rate refers to the percentage of fabric contraction after washing or soaking. Generally speaking, the fabrics with the highest shrinkage rates are synthetic fibers and their blends, followed by wool fabrics, linen fabrics, with cotton fabrics in the middle having moderate shrinkage, and the highest shrinkage occurs in viscose fiber, rayon, and artificial wool fabrics. Objectively speaking, pure cotton fabrics always have some issues with shrinkage and fading, and the key lies in the finishing process. Therefore, most home textile fabrics undergo pre-shrinking treatment. It is important to note that pre-shrinking does not mean no shrinkage, but that the shrinkage rate is controlled within the national standard of 3%-4%. Garments, especially those made of natural fibers, will shrink. Therefore, when purchasing fabrics, besides selecting based on quality, color, and pattern, one should also understand the fabric's shrinkage rate. Whether a garment can maintain a good fit, shape, neat appearance, and durability during wear depends on your understanding of the fabric's shrinkage rate and whether pre-shrinking was done before making the garment.
How to correctly grasp the shrinkage rate of different fabrics? First, understand what shrinkage rate is. Shrinkage rate refers to the percentage of fabric contraction after soaking and washing. The shrinkage rate is closely related to the fiber characteristics of the fabric, the fabric's structure, and the production and processing techniques.
Different fibers have different moisture absorption properties; fibers with higher moisture absorption have higher shrinkage rates; conversely, the shrinkage rate is lower. Natural fibers such as cotton, wool, silk, and linen have relatively high moisture absorption, so their shrinkage rates are higher; while chemical fibers like polyester and polypropylene have lower moisture absorption. The tightness or looseness of the fabric structure also affects the degree of shrinkage; fabrics with a loose structure generally have higher shrinkage rates than those with a tight structure.
Here are some common fabric shrinkage rates for your reference when purchasing materials.
Cotton mercerized plain fabric: shrinkage rate warp direction 3.5%, weft direction 3.5%;
Cotton mercerized twill fabric: shrinkage rate warp direction 4%, weft direction 3%;
Cotton plain fabric: shrinkage rate warp direction 6%, weft direction 2.5%;
General worsted wool fabric: shrinkage rate warp direction 4%, weft direction 3.5%;
Pure silk crepe de chine: shrinkage rate warp direction 10%, weft direction 3%.
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