Color Contamination Incident Two — Color Matching
Release Time:
2011-09-01 18:50
Source:
www.chinalaundry.cn
Wu Jingmiao
Author Introduction: Wu Jingmiao, university undergraduate education, senior laundry technician, expert of the Expert Committee of the China Commercial Federation Laundry and Dyeing Industry. Entered the laundry and dyeing industry in 1964, currently Chief Engineer and Director of the Research Center at Beijing Funait Laundry Service Co., Ltd. Professional expertise: garment washing, stain removal technology, textile fiber washing and stain removal research, washing and stain removal chemical research. Publications: "Laundry and Dyeing Business Technology", "Textile Fibers and Textiles", "300 Questions on Laundry Technology", "Analysis of Garment Washing Accident Cases", "Garment Washing Chemicals and Applications", etc.
The most common color contamination accident in the laundry and dyeing industry is "color transfer." During the washing process or during pre-wash soaking and stacking, even during dehydration and drying, some garments may lose color and stain other garments. Because the stained garments get the color through contact with the color-losing garments, the stained areas are localized, with clear contour boundaries of the color stains, while the unstained parts remain in their original state.
The primary condition causing color transfer contamination is the stacking, placing, soaking, dehydration, or drying of different colored garments together in the presence of water. In short, there must be contact under wet conditions. If the water contains a high concentration of detergent; or the temperature during contact is high; or the contact time is long; these are the conditions most likely to cause color transfer contamination. Since color transfer occurs through contact with color-losing garments, it is called "contact contamination."
In the laundry and dyeing industry, this type of contamination is commonly called "color transfer."
Color transfer mainly occurs during water washing, but it can also happen when there is excessive moisture inside the dry cleaning machine or when the humidity inside the dry cleaning machine is high. Most dry cleaning color transfers occur on light-colored garments and are very similar to water washing color transfer. However, because dry cleaning color transfer is often accompanied by other dirt, mostly gray-black or gray-brown, it is commonly referred to as "dry cleaning machine contamination" or "secondary dry cleaning contamination." The causes of dry cleaning machine contamination are more complex than water washing color transfer. They are closely related to residual moisture from garment pre-treatment before dry cleaning; free moisture inside the dry cleaning machine; and excessive humidity inside the dry cleaning machine.
Therefore, we say that color transfer accidents are almost always caused by improper operation, are avoidable, and can be effectively prevented by taking appropriate measures.
For example, Figure 5-1 shows a light blue down jacket that was stained by other dark gray garments that lost color during washing, causing color transfer on the collar.
Figure 5-2 shows a light beige coat that was stained by other purple garments that lost color during washing, resulting in multiple purple spot-like color stains, forming color transfer.
Figure 5-1 Light blue down jacket stained by dark gray garments causing color transfer
Figure 5-2 Light beige coat stained by purple causing color transfer
Most color transfer accidents are caused by color loss from dyed fabrics or accessories, that is, caused by single-color fabrics or accessories.
Figure 5-3 shows a sweater with leather button loops, where the white sweater was stained gray-blue due to color loss from the leather accessories. In this case, the color fastness of the leather button loops was not very low, and there was no widespread bleeding around them, so the color transfer was not an inevitable result but caused by improper operation.
Figure 5-4 shows a red T-shirt with a white collar. During washing, the white collar was stained blue. Red garments generally lose color easily, but the red of this T-shirt did not lose color or cause staining.
Figure 5-3 White sweater stained by blue garment color loss causing color transfer
Figure 5-4 White T-shirt collar stained by dark blue color-losing garment causing color transfer
In color transfer accidents, there are also a few cases where some parts of printed fabrics or yarn-dyed fabrics have low color fastness, and improper washing treatment causes color loss and contamination, resulting in color transfer. This type of color transfer accident is more difficult to repair than general color transfer.
For example, Figure 5-5 shows a yarn-dyed yellow and black T-shirt, where the black part has low color fastness. Improper treatment caused color loss during washing, staining the yellow part and forming color transfer. The yellow and black yarn-dyed parts did not show widespread bleeding, indicating the black color fastness has a certain level. The obvious color transfer was caused by improper operation.
Also, Figure 5-6 shows a plaid shirt stained by color loss from other garments causing color transfer.
Similar to Figure 5-6, Figure 5-7 shows a knitted sweater also stained by other color-losing garments causing color transfer.
Figure 5-8 shows a printed dress where the blue parts have low color fastness, and improper washing treatment caused color loss and contamination, resulting in a large area of color transfer.
Figure 5-5 Yarn-dyed (black and yellow) T-shirt dark parts color loss causing color transfer
Figure 5-6 Yarn-dyed plaid shirt color transfer contamination
Figure 5-7 Printed knitted sweater color loss contamination causing color transfer
Figure 5-8 Printed dress color loss contamination causing color transfer
"Color transfer accident" is a type of color contamination accident during the washing process. Some color transfer accidents can be salvaged and repaired. However, since the clothes affected by color transfer are not necessarily white, repairing the color transfer must also protect the original fabric's color. Therefore, there are many restrictions when choosing repair methods. Because of this, many color transfer accidents may not be repairable. Thus, standardized operation to avoid and prevent color transfer is more important and proactive than repairing color transfer accidents.
There are two solutions for repairing color transfer accidents:
One method is to use color stripping, removing the stains while protecting the original fabric color. The other method is to use suitable oxidizing or reducing agents for controlled bleaching to remove the color contamination stains.
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