Dyeing Method for Cotton Acrylic Nylon Three-in-One Double-Sided Knitted Fabric
Release Time:
2010-11-03 13:41
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In three-in-one knitted fabrics, cotton fiber dyeing generally uses direct dyes instead of conventional reactive dyes because the fixing alkali of reactive dyes can hydrolyze wool, affecting its quality and style; the cotton part can use direct blend or sunlight-resistant dyes; the acrylic part can use cationic dyes to achieve the desired dyeing effect. Generally, there are several methods for dyeing light, medium, and dark colors:
1. Light color dyeing: Cationic dyes and direct blend dyes can be used in a one-bath one-step dyeing method. However, after adding cationic dyes, a dispersant (such as Tiantan dispersant WA) must be added to prevent aggregation during dyeing and to some extent improve mutual staining and enhance overall color clarity. This dyeing method is simple and can use either cationic dye or direct dye processes. Regardless of the method, the dye bath pH should be adjusted to an appropriate level with HAc. Therefore, the chosen direct dyes must be resistant to weak acidity. Common direct blend dyes corresponding to X-type cationic dye shades include: Tender Yellow D-GL, Yellow D-PG, D-RL, Orange D-GGL, D-5R, Scarlet D-F2G, Rose Red D-FR, Purple D-BL, D-5BI, Blue D-RGL, Brown D-RS, Gray D-B, D-GL, and Black D-RSN, D-HR; direct sunlight-resistant dyes include: Tender Yellow 6GL, Yellow 3RLL, Orange GGL, Bright Red G8, Sky Blue C, Blue RGL, Gray BN, and Black GF; sometimes, for color matching, direct blend dyes and sunlight-resistant dyes can be mixed, and also combined with direct acid-resistant Scarlet 4BS and Maroon GB for color matching. It is worth noting that the brightness of cationic dyes is unmatched by direct dyes. Fortunately, cotton and acrylic are on opposite sides, so the color shades can basically match, and adding cotton fluorescent brighteners can enhance some colors.
2. Medium color dyeing: For colors like emerald green, maroon, bright blue, brown, etc., a one-bath two-step dyeing method can be used, completing the entire dyeing process in two steps within the same dye bath.
3. Dark color dyeing: For colors such as bright red, navy blue, iron gray, dark coffee, and black, it is best to use a two-bath dyeing method. Because these deep and intense colors require a large amount of cationic dyes for the acrylic part and anionic direct dyes, the tendency for dye aggregation is very strong. Even with a certain amount of dispersant added, it is ineffective and may even inhibit dyeing. Using a two-bath method can improve this situation. The first bath can use cationic dyes and a small amount of weak acid dyes (anionic), adding 1–3 g/L dispersant WA, adopting the one-bath one-step dyeing method for wool-acrylic blended fabrics; the second bath can use low-temperature reactive dyes, such as ANOZOLO? L-type for 90% cotton face dyeing. Since this dye requires dyeing at 40°C and has a wool staining level of 4–5, it can significantly improve color fastness. Although the process is longer, it is easy to control, convenient for samples, and yields good processing results.
4. Preventing wool damage
In the pretreatment process of cotton, wool, and acrylic three-in-one double-sided knitted fabrics, it is also necessary to prevent damage to the wool. The recommended pretreatment process is as follows:
Formula/(g/L)
Quick penetration agent T or JPCS (Tiantan) 0.5–1.0
Atfix WOK wool protector 2.0–3.0
25% hydrogen peroxide 8.0–10
Degreasing and dewaxing scouring agent YX-150 3.0–5.0
Soda ash 2.0–5.0
Operation method: bath ratio 1:20, at room temperature, add materials in order. After adding the penetration agent, the fabric should be circulated for 10–15 minutes to ensure other auxiliaries are evenly absorbed and effective. After all additions, raise the temperature at 1°C/min to 65–70°C, maintain for 60 minutes, drain residual liquid, and rinse thoroughly with cold water.
It must be pointed out that after pretreatment, the whiteness basically meets the requirements for medium and dark dyeing, and the fabric has good wettability. If the pectin on the cotton fiber is not completely removed, it is difficult to achieve good wool effect. The hand feel after dyeing is relatively rough, but after raising finishing, the product hand feel improves. In summary, in the dyeing and processing of such special textiles, attention should be paid to:
① The 10% wool on the front side will be somewhat damaged;
② The acrylic on the back side is prone to wrinkling due to sudden cooling and heating during wet heat processing, affecting appearance;
③ For the consistency of colors on the front and back sides after processing and their relationship with color fastness, a balance should be sought as much as possible.
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